The Influence of Institutional Ownership Structure, Profitability, and Corporate Social Responsibility Policies on the Level of Accounting Conservatism: Empirical Study on State-Owned Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant economic uncertainty, prompting companies to be more cautious in their financial reporting. Accounting conservatism is an important principle in dealing with risks and maintaining investor confidence. However, conservative practices can be influenced by a variety of factors, such as institutional ownership structures, profitability, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies. This study aims to analyze the influence of these variables on the level of accounting conservatism in state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020-2022 period. The research method uses a quantitative approach with an associative correlational research design. The study population is all state-owned companies listed on the IDX, with a sample of 10 companies selected using purposive sampling techniques. Secondary data is obtained from the company's annual report. The variable of accounting conservatism was measured using the Basu (1997) model developed by Ismail & Elbolok (2011). The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression, which includes classical assumption testing and hypothesis testing. The results show that institutional ownership structure has a negative but insignificant influence on accounting conservatism, while profitability and CSR policies have no significant effect. The F test shows that the regression model as a whole is not significant in explaining the variation of accounting conservatism. These findings indicate the complexity of factors that affect accounting conservatism practices in state-owned companies during the pandemic. The study recommends further exploration of other relevant factors, as well as expanding the scope of the sample and the study period. This study provides insight into the dynamics of accounting conservatism in the Indonesian SOE sector in the context of economic uncertainty.