Identification of Physical Concepts Problem in Answering The National Exam Questions at Senior High School in Pesisir Selatan District

The 21st century is a century with an education system that refers to the
2013 curriculum which requires teachers to apply learning that is directed to find
out information so that it can help students to have a deeper mastery of concepts.
This is related to the physics learning process carried out by teachers in schools
such as students not only being required to have mathematical abilities, but also the
ability to understand physics concepts. The results of the initial documentation
study show that in education center data (2018) the average value of the National
Exam in physics at Senior High School level in Pesisir Selatan District is still
relatively low. The low value of the National Exam (NE) proves that there are still
many students who have difficulty in working on the questions. The number of
errors made by students in working on questions can be an indication of the extent
to which students can understand the material that has been conveyed by the
teacher. Therefore, research analysis of the problematic physics concepts was
carried out in answering the questions of the National Exam at Senior High School
in Pesisir Selatan District.
This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The
population of the data in this study was all Senior High School that held the National
Exam in Pesisir Selatan District which consisted of 21 schools. Sampling is done
by using the technique Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. The sample of
this study was 6 schools that held the National Exam in Senior High School in
Pesisir Selatan District. The data in this study were taken from the 2018 and 2019
Physics National Exam in education center data (2018) and also used an instrument
to identify problematic physics concepts in answering the National Exan questions
at Senior High School throughout Pesisir Selatan District, as well as data collection
techniques through documentation study.
Based on the research that has been done, the results of the identification of
problematic physics concepts in 2018 consist of 6 main materials including
Measurement and Kinematics material with an error percentage of 58.68%;
Dynamics with an error percentage of 69.33%; Work, Energy and Collision with an
error percentage of 64.79%; Heat with an error percentage of 57.74%; Wave and
Light with an error percentage of 65.95%; and Magnetism and Core Physics with
an error percentage of 45.45%. Then, in 2019 it consisted of 4 main materials
including Mechanics with an error percentage of 58.16%; Wave and Optics with an
error percentage of 65.87%; Thermodynamics with an error percentage of 68.23%;
and Magnetism and Modern Physics with an error percentage of 57.90%.