The Effect of Addition of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) on Biodegradable Plastic Based on Bacterial Cellulose from Coconut Water (Cocos Nucifera)

The optimation of reaction temperature on biodiesel production from palm and waste cooking oils has been investigated in the range of 50-70oC. The reaction has used silica-titania catalyst obtained from solid state reaction between solid precursors of silica and titania. The biodiesel products have been characterized by FTIR (Fourier Transformation Infra Red) and examination of several properties such as density, flow rate, and acid number. The results show the FTIR spectra of biodiesel products are very similar with that of palm oil or waste cooking oil. The biodiesel product from palm oil shows an optimum temperature of 65oC. At this temperature, it shows the lowest density with the highest flow rate and the highest percentage of conversion, i.e. 33.33%. The biodiesel product from waste cooking oil shows the optimum temperature of 55oC that it performs the lowest density with the highest flow rate and the highest percentage of conversion, i.e. 57.1%.