Validity of E-Book Based on Problem-Based Learning with Higher Order Thinking Skills Oriented for Senior High School

Human resources with a high level of thinking abilities, such as critical thinking,
creativity, communication, teamwork, independence, cross-cultural understanding, and ICT
literacy, are needed for the growth of the 21
st century. However, cultivating a high level of
thinking abilities is still insufficient and does not fulfill the necessities of the 21
st
century. An
e-book based on problem-based learning and oriented toward higher-order thinking skills is
developed as a result of this research. Measurement of the e-book's validity is the aim of this
study. This research used a descriptive methodology and a questionnaire for collecting data.
The questionnaire instrument is a validation sheet with four e-book validation criteria
consisting of several indicators. E-book validation has shown valid findings with an average of
0.87 valid categories. The results of the research show that the product can be used as a
learning resource for students and teachers to achieve learning goals and meet the demands of
the 21 st century.