Opposing Reality in 3 Short Stories by Shirley Ren’s the Pink Umbrella (2019), Jason Sanford’s the Eight-Thousanders (2020) and Alyssa Wong’s A Fist Of Permutations in Lightning and Wildflowers (2016)

Septriyani, Sari (2022) Opposing Reality in 3 Short Stories by Shirley Ren’s the Pink Umbrella (2019), Jason Sanford’s the Eight-Thousanders (2020) and Alyssa Wong’s A Fist Of Permutations in Lightning and Wildflowers (2016). Skripsi thesis, Universitas Negeri Padang.

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Abstract

This research is an analysis of 3 short stories by Shirley Ren The Pink Umbrella (2019), Jason Sanford The Eight-Thousanders (2020) and Alyssa Wong A Fist of Permutations in Lightning and Wildflowers (2016). This research discusses about defense mechanisms applied to oppose reality. Defense mechanisms are commonly used in everyday life, a person applies defense mechanisms when the ego can no longer balance the id and superego and worries arise in the person. However, if character apply defense mechanism improper use to oppose reality, it will cause new prolonged conflict. This research aims to find out what types of defense mechanism applied by character and what actions that appear. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method which is using psychoanalysis theory by Sigmund Freud which deals with opposing reality and defense mechanisms. The analysis of this study revealed that the character applies 2 defense mechanisms, namely denial and displacement to oppose reality and actions that arise. The conclusion of this study is that improper use of defense mechanism to oppose reality is causing new prolonged conflicts. Opposing reality means that the characters are not being able to come to terms with reality and not being able to come to terms with oneself so that as a result the characters go through life in misery.

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