A needs assessment of the fundamental motor skills of urban and rural children in Indonesia

Bakhtiar, Syahrial and Famelia, Ruri and Goodway, Jacqueline D. and Kiram, Yanuar (2015) A needs assessment of the fundamental motor skills of urban and rural children in Indonesia. Journal of Sport & Exercise Pyschology, 37 (3). S72-S72. ISSN 0895-2779

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Abstract

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) “Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Heath” (WHO, 2011) identified the importance of preventing chronic disease through promoting physical activity at a population level, specifically in developing countries such as Indonesia. Indonesia has joined the ranks of the top-10 most obese countries in the world. As obesity rates in Indonesia have escalated, the little data that is available shows time spent in physical activity has been replaced by screen time, especially in urban areas (Collins, Pakiz, & Rock, 2008; Roemling & Qaim, 2012). Both the Indonesian government and the WHO have identified the importance of developing policies and strategies to promote physical activity and motor competence in Indonesian children (Goodway, Famelia, & Bakhtiar, 2014; Roemling & Qaim, 2012; WHO, 2012). Yet little to no data exists in Indonesia to guide such policies. Recognizing that fundamental motor skill (FMS) competence is an important predictor of physical activity, this study was a first step in guiding policy decisions. The purpose of the study was to examine the FMSs of Indonesian boys (n = 335) and girls (n = 385) from West Sumatera aged 6.08 to 10.92 years, along with potential gender differences. Furthermore, to investigate differences in FMS by geographic location (rural, n = 349; and urban, n = 371). All children were tested on TGMD-2 by trained evaluators. A 2 Gender (boys, girs) × 2 Geographic Location (rural, urban) MANOVA on object control (OC) and locomotor standard scores (SS) revealed significant main effects for Gender (F(2,715) = 16.43, p < .001; η2 = .04) and Geographic Location (F(2,715) = 3.74, p < .05; η2 = .01) with no significant interaction. Univariate tests for locomotor SS showed there was a significant main effect for Gender (p < .001) and Geographic Location (p < .05). For OC SS there was only a significant effect for Gender (p < .001). In all cases, girls outperformed boys on FMS. These data will serve to inform policy development and professional practice in Indonesia.

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